The Basic Laws of Electric Circuits

As we continue our discussion guys, my first chapter introduced to you guys the basic concepts of electric circuits. To deeper understand the electric circuit guys we must also known the laws of it, these law's known as Ohm's Law and Kirchhoff's laws, sir Jay taught as these are the form of the foundation upon which electric circuit analysis is built.

| Ohm's Law |

What is Ohm's Law ?
           - Ohms laws states that the voltage v across a resistor is directly proportional to the current i flowing through the resistor.

Sir Jay taught as materials in general have a characteristic behavior of resisting the flow of electric charge, this known as resistance and is represented by the symbol R. In our discussion with Sir Jay, Sir Jay demonstrate an example how the ohms law actually work or define in actual. He used a table and put it in the floor, after that he put something on the top of the table (he uses some bags and books), then he call someone in our class to let push the table with bags and books at the top of it. After the scene, we observe and that by moment sir Jay asking some questions " how is it work ?.. " "does it relate with electric circuit?..". As I observe it, Yes it relate to the resistance. Then, after of it, sir Jay define that the force pushing the table may define as the voltage which will cause to move the table, then the current (i) may define the motion of it, not but the least is the Resistance may refer to the bags and books at the top of the table that will define as the friction.

| The formulas of Ohms Law |

To apply Ohms Law as v = iR, we must pay careful attention guys to the current direction and voltage polarity as sir Jay taught as. The direction of current i and the polarity of voltage v must conform with the passive sign convention. 

This implies that current flows from a higher potential to a lower potential in order for v=iR. If current flows from a lower potential to a higher potential v=-iR.

| Short Circuit |

                  A short circuit is a circuit element with resistance approaching zero.

| Open Circuit |

        An open circuit is a circuit element with resistance approaching infinity.

| Conductance

       Conductance is the ability of an element to conduct electric current; it is measured in mhos or siemens.

A useful quantity in circuit analysis is the reciprocal of resistance R, known as conductance and denoted by G:

| My Learning Experience XD |

My learning experience krun, kaning akoang gibuhat nga blog run. hehehe XD it seems obvious nman, gi read man nku og maayo maong nasabtan nku siya, (gamay) hehehe XD, pro dli uie sabtan jd uie :). with help nman kay sir Jay :) dli pd nku ni mabuhat without sir Jay :) medyo gamay2 lng amoang na tackle kay tungod man pd wla mi klase 2ng thursday og friday XD (lipay ee) hehehe. maybe cguro next namo ee discuss the Kirchoff's Law, since nga gamay rjd amoang na tackle run :) pra sa outro nlng guys. See you next time guys sa akong next post (about Kirchoffs Law) :) 

The Basic Concept Of Electric Circuits

 An Electric Circuit

is an interconnection of electrical elements 

      

 The interconnection is referred to as an electric circuit, and each component of the circuit is known as an element.

Hello Guys ! My first step in learning our subject Circuit 1, Sir Jay taught us that there are 3 elements of electric :
The Power, The Load, and The Conductor.
This may refer to this picture guys

A simple electric circuit with light
It consist with the elements of Battery (Power), Bulb(Load), and Wire(Conductor).
as you can see guys the battery flow something to the wire and then pass through the bulb then back to the battery, again and again. Later you will learned it guys what they are called and what they are. :)

Now guys lets go to the concept of electric charge. This will be explaining to you guys the electrical phenomena. :)

| CHARGE and CURRENT |

What is Charge ?    

             - Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of which matter consists, measured in coulombs(C).

Sir Jay taught us that all matter is made up of an atom, and that each atom consist of electrons, protons, and neurons. Then the charge (e) on an electron is negative and equal to magnitude of 1.602x10^-19 C, while a proton carries the positive charge with the same of magnitude of an electron.

Now guys let us learn the flow of electric charge. :)

When a conducting wire is connected to a battery, the charges are compelled to move;positive charges move in one direction while negative charges move in the opposite direction. This motion of charges creates electric current.

What is Current ?

            - Current is the time rate of change of charge, measured in amperes(A).

In mathematically guys, the relationship between current (i), charge (q) and time (t) is :

where current is measured in amperes(A), and 1 ampere = 1 coulomb/second.

The charge transferred between time t sub 0 ( t0 ) and t is obtained by integrating both sides :

| VOLTAGE |

       

 What is Voltage ?

                    - Voltage is the energy required to move a unit charge through an element, measured in volts (V).

Now guys as we learn from our previous section, to move the electron in a conductor in a particular direction requires some work or energy transfer. Now this work is called the voltage.

As Sir Jay taught us it may refer the voltage to a (water pressure pump) as far I remember guys, because it produce energy to move a unit charge. :) I think it look this.

| POWER and ENERGY |

What is Power ?

                       - Power is the time rate of expending or absorbing energy, measured in watts (W).

We write this relationship as:

Where (p) is power in watts (W), w is energy in joules(J) and t, is time in seconds.

As you can see it guys it may relate to power and energy to voltage and current. Although current and voltage are the two basic variables in an electric circuit, they are not sufficient by themselves. For practical purposes, we need to know how much power an electric device can handle.

Remember guys, power can be absorbed or supplied by circuit element

                     - positive power -> elements absorbs power

                     - negative power -> elements supplies power

in ideal circuit of it is :                                                                            

                     - ΣP supplied + ΣP absorbed = 0      (in fact the law of conservation of energy be obeyed)

What is Energy ?

          - Energy is the capacity to do work, measured in joules (J).

The Electric power utility companies measure energy in watt-hours (Wh) where  1Wh = 3,600 J.

| CIRCUIT ELEMENTS |

What is Circuit Element ?

         - an element is the basic building blocks of a circuit. An electric circuit is simply an interconnection of the elements.

There are two types of elements guys found in electric circuit: positive elements and active element.

 an active elements capable of generating energy while a passive elements are not.

the most important active elements are voltage or current sources that generally deliver power to the circuit connected to them.

There are two kinds of sources: independent and dependent sources.

The Independent source is an active element that provides a specified voltage or current that is completely independent of other circuit elements.

The dependent (or controlled) source is an active element in which the source quantity is controlled by another voltage or current.

| My Learning Experience XD |

       First of all I wanna say thank you to my professor Mr. Engr. Jay S. Villan. :) Salamat sir ! Ikaw amoang na teacher :)) First day of class, naga pressure naku ! haha XD my first impression kasi kay sir is strict XD hehe, but then a few days of our lessons I realized buotan man d.i si sir. :)) I observed it when naga discussed na sya, then sometimes he inserted some jokes, so thats why nawala na yung impression ko na strict si sir. pro dili japon mwala ang pressure inig mag ask na si sir XD hehe. though hard and complicated ang subject but I know with help of sir jay, makaya ni :)). Maybe kailangan lng magdala ng courage and tiwala sa sarili then study jd. :))  maka motivate then yung mga reminders ni sir XD  hehehe. (admit2x nlng kung wlay assignment) hehe XD. dapat jd magbuhat na og assigment XD. Because of this blog I also learned , it is because when I searched and read deeper the topics, I have knowledge what is it about more and more. So, cguro my learning experience is that I've learned a lot :)) isa npd ning blog XD haha first time magbuhat, libog pro enjoy :)) pra sa outro. Salamat Sir Jay Villan :))